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north

běi
5 strokes · 匕 — two people back-to-back · HSK 1

Where 北 comes from

北 is a picture of two people standing BACK to back — and that's the key: 北 originally meant 'back / to turn one's back'. Since you turn your back to the cold north, it came to mean the northern direction. (The 'back' meaning then took the new character 背.)

北 in Chinese culture

北 is north — and it opens 北京 (Běijīng), 'Northern Capital', China's capital. Its opposite-pair 南北 (south-north) names the country's great divide: the wheat-eating, drier North vs the rice-eating, wetter South. 东北 ('east-north') is the Northeast / Manchuria. To 'flee north' or face north was historically to face the cold and the frontier.

Example

北方 běifāng — the north

北方人爱吃面。
Běifāng rén ài chī miàn.
Northerners love eating noodles.

How to remember it

Two people back-to-back — turning your back to the cold NORTH.

北 ('north') hides its old meaning, 'back' — two people back-to-back. 北京 = 'Northern Capital'. The North/South (北/南) line splits China into wheat-eaters and rice-eaters.

Same sound, different tones

1st bēi
cup
3rd běi
north
4th bèi
back / to carry

Words unlocked by 北

北方 běifāng
the north
北边 běibiān
the north side
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